Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership (SWS)
Applying, researching, and learning about systems-based approaches to improve the sustainability of water, sanitation and hygiene services.
Introduction
Sustainable services remain a daunting challenge in the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector. National and local governments, service providers, and development organizations have traditionally focused on access and service expansion. Less emphasis has been placed on sustaining existing services and infrastructure. As a result, service functionality rates remain low as infrastructure quickly fails into disrepair.
Under the Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership (SWS), eight partners are working with USAID to test new ideas, approaches, and tools to strengthen local WASH systems — comprised of actors, factors, and the dynamic interrelationships among them — and improve service sustainability. Technical areas of focus include professionalized maintenance for rural water services, collective action approaches, and systems understanding and engagement. Learn more about these topics through a set of curated resources here.
Featured Resources
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Report Assessment of Shifts in Stakeholder Understanding of WASH Systems Published: |
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Case Studies Tracking Network Analysis: Kitui County, Kenya Published: |
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Report Ten Factors for Viable Rural Water Services Published: |
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Report Measuring Systems Change in WASH Programming: A Practical Application… Published: |
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Brief Using Social Network Analysis in WASH Programs Published: |
Latest Resources
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Tool Bibliography of SWS Resources 2016-2021 Published: |
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Report Collective Action in WASH: Lessons and Findings from 11 Collaborative… Published: |
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Report Assessment of Shifts in Stakeholder Understanding of WASH Systems Published: |
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Report Using Social Network Analysis in WASH Programs Published: |
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Article Pathways for Collaboratively Strengthening Water and Sanitation… Published: |
Overview
Partners
Consortium
University of Colorado Boulder leads a consortium of partners who are developing, demonstrating, learning about, and sharing evidence on systems-based approaches for improving the sustainability of WASH services. With implementation of systems-based approaches in Cambodia, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda, USAID – and the broader WASH sector – will gain an understanding of how, and under what conditions, these approaches can be effectively applied in future programs.
SWS Advisory Board Membership
SWS is advised by a group of respected members of the global WASH community.
- Vincent Casey, WaterAID-UK
- Louis Boorstin, Osprey Foundation
- Jenna Davis, Stanford University
- Adeeb Mahmud, FSG
- Heather Skilling, DAI
- Tjip Walker, USAID
- Aaron Kabirizi, Uganda Ministry of Water and Environment (former member, now retired)
Resources
SWS is developing a body of knowledge about the cost of different systems approaches, their benefits, and what is needed to sustain them; how to effectively apply these approaches to new or existing activities; the conditions that support and inhibit different approaches; and the effectiveness of certain approaches. Through a series of knowledge products, webinars, and other resources, SWS shares evidence and lessons related to systems approaches and tools with the broader WASH community.
Click here to view resources by priority learning theme.
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Bibliography of SWS Resources 2016-2021 Tool This bibliography reflects all Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership (SWS) publications as of September 2021. SWS will continue to publish resources through December 2021. |
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Collective Action in WASH: Lessons and Findings from 11 Collaborative Approaches Report Collective action approaches are increasingly being used in the water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) sector. Yet, these approaches and their effects are understudied and there is little evidence on the contextual conditions that facilitate… |
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Assessment of Shifts in Stakeholder Understanding of WASH Systems Report This study sought to build evidence on the impact systems approaches can have on local stakeholders’ ability to conceptualize the complex factors and interactions that influence water and sanitation service delivery sustainability in Ethiopia, Kenya… |
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Using Social Network Analysis in WASH Programs Report Information and resource flows affect the ability of stakeholder networks to coordinate and act to make WASH services more effective and sustainable. The Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership (SWS) applied social network analysis (SNA) in… |
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Pathways for Collaboratively Strengthening Water and Sanitation Systems Article Sustainable WASH Systems Learning Partnership (USAID/SWS) research partners collected and analyzed data over the last four years to investigate 11 collaborative approaches that enable local stakeholders to strengthen their WASH systems, each with… |
Blog
Learn more about our latest research and activities, and get news about upcoming SWS events.
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Social Network Analysis: Your Questions Answered Blog This is the concluding blog in a series on Social Network Analysis in WASH. The other blogs in the series explore practices to help water maintenance service providers make strategic decisions to improve WASH systems and ways to apply SNA best… |
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Results of Social Network Analysis in WASH in Uganda and Kenya Blog This blog is adapted from a version that originally appeared on Learning Lab’s website. It is the second of three blogs in a series on Social Network Analysis in WASH. The other blogs in the series explore practices to help water maintenance service… |
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Applying Social Network Analysis in WASH Programs Blog This is the first installment of the Social Network Analysis (SNA) in WASH blog series from Sustainable WASH Systems (SWS) Learning Partnership. The blog is adapted from a version that originally appeared on Learning Lab’s website. The other blogs… |
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Collaborative Solutions in Complex WASH Systems Blog The rapidly expanding town of Debre Birhan, Ethiopia, population 113,000, does not have a centralized sewer network. Some 66 percent of the town’s fecal sludge is now improperly managed (83 percent at baseline), leading to considerable land, water,… |
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Pandemic Impacts on Rural Water Services in Uganda: An Interview with Whave Director Adam Harvey Blog Restrictions on gatherings and movement in response to the COVID-19 pandemic have affected essentially all aspects of life around the world—from movie theater closures in India to November’s 2020 G20 Summit being held virtually. Even essential… |
Countries
ETHIOPIA AND UGANDA (IRC, Tetra Tech, and LINC)
IRC, Tetra Tech, and LINC are working with local actors in Ethiopia and Uganda to better understand and strengthen local systems for (1) rural water and (2) small town sanitation service delivery. In each location, SWS is promoting and facilitating learning alliances – stakeholder platforms for collaboration and shared learning – as a vehicle for better sector coordination. These platforms bring together actors at the town, district, zonal, and regional levels to innovate and take collective actions to strengthen systems for sustaining WASH services. Inspired by principles of collective action, SWS is undertaking learning and research activities that involve researchers and implementing agencies working together to further understand the challenges and test solutions. Learn more here.
UGANDA (Whave)
Whave is cultivating a sustainable model for rural water service delivery by testing and expanding a preventive maintenance approach in three Ugandan districts. Operating as a Ugandan regional service provider, Whave is signing multi-year preventive maintenance service agreements with communities that require community leaders to charge operation and maintenance tariffs, manage the collected funds in supervised bank accounts, and pay an annual service fee. An important component of this model is incentivizing local technicians to prevent breakdowns by paying them based on the number of days a water source is functional instead of paying them to make repairs. Whave is helping local governments build an effective institutional and regulatory structure to establish and enforce preventive maintenance services. Learn more here.
KENYA (University of Oxford and UNICEF)
Oxford and UNICEF, along with local partner Rural Focus, are developing, testing, and scaling-up the FundiFix model as one response to rural water challenges in Kitui County, Kenya. The goal is to provide a model for universal, rural water service delivery. FundiFix provides a performance-based approach to maintaining water infrastructure, using ‘smart handpumps’ that collect real-time information on abstraction volumes and breakdown incidents. Oxford and UNICEF are incubating the local Kenyan company Miambani Ltd. to provide preventive maintenance for small-piped schemes and hand pumps. Learning about and documenting the risks and returns of this approach will provide insights and direction for the government, private sector, and communities to establish an empirical basis for improving policy, practice, and investments for water security for the poor. Oxford and UNICEF are working closely with the government and other actors, using an existing platform of quarterly County WASH Forums, to strengthen the institutional coordination necessary for effective service delivery. Learn more here.
CAMBODIA (WaterSHED and LINC), completed in January 2019
WaterSHED and LINC drew upon the principles of collective impact and systems thinking to bring together a diverse set of actors, including government, private sector, NGOs, and donors, around a shared vision for universal sanitation and hygienic environments. With SWS support, the actors collaborated to develop a common measurement framework and to align mutually reinforcing activities. Systems mapping and analysis tools were used to effectively identify and engage relevant local actors, collectively prioritize high potential areas of collaboration to achieve sector goals, and better understand how collective efforts contribute to sustainable rural sanitation and hygiene services. Learn more about WaterSHED here.
Contact Us
Ryan Mahoney, USAID, rmahoney@usaid.gov
