Numerous studies have sought to understand the factors that most influence the sustainability of rural water supply services. This understanding has led to the development of maintenance approaches, both reactive and preventive, that seek to improve functionality rates and maintain reliable continuity of rural community water services. This document reviews literature about the factors influencing the sustainability of rural water services, and the emerging maintenance approaches seeking to address these factors and improve service reliability.

USAID’s Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Finance (WASH-FIN) program is designed to facilitate leveraging upwards of $200 million from non-traditional financing sources in Africa and Asia,