Evaluation of the Ghana Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program

The USAID Ghana Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (GWASH) program is implemented under a 4-year, $13.2M cooperative agreement between the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and Relief International (RI) that began in mid-December 2009. RI partnered with the Adventist Development and Relief Agency (ADRA) Ghana for latrine construction, and with Winrock International (WI), for the community organization and behavior change component, to implement GWASH. RI contracts directly with local well installation firms for the wells and water component. This was USAID’s first water and sanitation sector program in Ghana.

The GWASH goal is to support improved access to safe, adequate, water supply and basic sanitation facilities (latrines) for homes, schools, clinics and markets while promoting complementary hygiene practices.

This report is the final evaluation of the GWASH project and was carried out by a five-person team in June and July of 2013. As required by the Scope of Work (SOW), the team visited 28 project communities and 14 nearby non-project communities by dividing into two sub-teams. The evaluation covered two of GWASH’s five regions: Western and Central. Data were collected from 42 focus groups (21 groups of men and 21 groups of women), inspections of GWASH and traditional water sources and latrines, functionality tests of pumps, individual Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and Practice (KABP) interviews with 185 women, review of background documents, group interviews with Government of Ghana (GoG) officials, and group and individual interviews with other stakeholders at the local, national, and district level. The methodology for the evaluation was dictated by the SOW and depended primarily on qualitative data from observations, interviews, and focus groups. Quantitative data was gathered on the functionality of pumps and latrines and from the KABP survey.