This report, developed by USAID/REAL-Water, summarizes baseline data collected before the launch of a two-year impact evaluation of the

Millions of people in rural areas of low- and middle-income countries still lack access to basic water services. In fact, as of 2020, the majority of people without basic water services lived in rural areas.

REAL-Water will support policymakers, development partners, and service providers to make strategic decisions and implement best practices for water management through implementation research.