Urban areas across Indonesia have reached a critical juncture. Despite high levels of economic growth, access to basic services such as water supply and sanitation services are exceptionally low, especially for the urban poor. Only 37 percent of urbanites have access to piped water supply and only 69 percent have access to the most basic sanitation. Most notably, coverage in several areas is falling even further behind as urban population growth outstrips the ability of most local governments to expand service coverage.