The goal of USAID's Water and Sanitation Systems Activity (SWASSA) is to improve water and sanitation services in the Kivu region by fostering the development of the market sector. In 2023–2024, SWASSA carried out market analyses and financial assessments to create sustainable, performance-based business models for water service provision in North and South Kivu provinces of the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. This learning brief presents the results of the conducted analyses, outlines the actions taken by the consortium based on the findings, and details the next steps in the implementation process.